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This is VERY IMPORTANT and GREAT. What India is doing through UPI is absolutely global best practice! Well done! 

I totally like this! I think transportation (including urban transportation), traveling are prime usecases for convenient and modern forms of payments. Very well done! My question is the following: Why is this built around VISA and MC, why not around iDeal, https://www.ideal.nl/en/ A2A (Account 2 Account) QR-ized payments. Why are VISA and MC involved? I am a great admirer and at the same time a great critic of large crad schemes. 

Yes, slowly, slowly, slowly the era of CBDC MOBILE WALLETS is coming! Will be very exciting and something for every Central Banker as well as Retail Banker to think through deeply! 

I deeply agree with the previous comment. + GREAT RESPECT TO ANNE BODEN! Great CEO, Great FOUNDER, Great BANKER! Well done! Very well done! 

I agree with John Davies, except, I want to call it real time, free, digital, 365/24/7, local currency, interbank messaging, clearing and settlement, with QR-ized bank accounts. A2A (Bank Account to Bank Account) payments as iDeal in the Netherlands does it. 

This can work in E-Commerce as well as Point of Sales In-Store Physical Commerce. 

From LESS CASH, to CASHLESS? UK, Sweden, Finland, Norway, South Korea, Singapore, China (to a certain extent) are on the way from less cash to cashless. EXCITING, raises important questions. 

Why is Norway not joining so far?

Will Norway probably/potentially join later? 

What about Iceland? 

Yes, I am a great believer in social trading, copy trading, mirror trading. GREAT! 

Well done, Starling! I agree with EVERY word of Anne.

Founded in 2014, Starling Bank, a disruptor, turned (marginally) profitable first time in 2021. Significant profit in H2 2022 in my interpretation underlines that the 2021 numbers were actually meaningful (not merely result of temporary anomaly) in terms of indicating a level of maturity (e.g. scale) where the company begins to be able to fund its own growth. 

My prediction: Starling will soon become a target of acquisition attempts. But Anne will probably go the opposite way: Acquire some EMIs or PIs that are squeezed under liquidity (and/or capital) pressure. Or perhaps even acquiring (or merging with) a digital BANK such as N26 (which - unlike Starling - bleeds money). We will see this playing out! EXCITING! 

Having API standards is a GREAT situation. The UK has this, impleented since the 1st of January 2018. Now, I think FOUR additional things are needed in the UK:
1. To oblige API standards on ALL banks in UK, not only the CMA 9.

2. To make banks open up ALL accounts under Open Banking.

3. To extend Open Banking to EMIs and Mobile Wallets and prepaid card issuers; they also must open THEIR "accounts" (Wallets, prepaid cards) up. With the same API standards.

4. TPPs must be secured in terms of Cybersecurity centrally, on an aggregate basis. To make SURE that all these APIs and TPPs and data and transactions are supersafe.