US supermarket chain Kroger has filed a lawsuit against Visa over a disagreement about using PINs to verify EMV debit card transactions, according to the Wall Street Journal.
Although Visa has been at the forefront of the push to finally bring America into the EMV era, it has not insisted that cards are Chip and PIN.
Despite this, Kroger does require customers to authorise debit card transactions with a PIN, routing transactions to networks other than Visa.
According to the lawsuit, Visa has responded to this by saying that the configuration of Kroger's payments terminals does not meet its rules and demanding that payments are routed through its network.
Visa has already fined Kroger $7 million and is threatening to raise fees and even to cut off the grocer's acceptance of debit cards, says the WSJ.
Walmart and Home Depot, the US retail chain that saw 56 million accounts hacked in 2014, have both recently filed similar suits against Visa over the failure to mandate more secure Chip and PIN technology.